Occupational balance of Spanish occupational therapists - a challenge.

BACKGROUND: Occupational balance is a central aspect in occupational therapy. Awareness of occupational balance/imbalance among occupational therapists could influence the orientation of their professional interventions. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the occupational balance status of occupational therapists working in Spain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study using an online questionnaire. Participants were occupational therapists working in Spain who answered a questionnaire including 22 questions on the sociodemographic and employment data and the Spanish version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ-E) ranging 0-65 where higher ratings equal better occupational balance. RESULTS: A total of 648 currently working occupational therapists participated. Mostly women, with median age of 32 years, without partner, children, or dependents. The median OBQ-E was 37 (IQR = 27; 45). Statistically significant differences were found between the medians of participants varying in the categories 'hired as an occupational therapist', weekly work hours, and population working with children and adults. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Spanish occupational therapists presented a moderate occupational balance that varied between subgroups. Professional recognition, working hours, and the population they attend are aspects that influence their occupational balance. Knowledge of occupational therapists' occupational balance could contribute to the development of policies aimed at promoting it.

Reivindicative occupational practices of activist with disabilities / Práticas ocupacionais reivindicativas de ativistas com deficiência

Abstract Introduction The occupational praxis of activists with disabilities in the Latin America has presented actions of revindication from historically marginalised territories. Objective To explore and describe strategies used by Chilean activist with disabilities. Method Qualitative design via three research techniques: a) 11 in-depth interviews; b) six group chat sessions; c) content analysis of eight social networks belonging to collectives of activists with disabilities in Chile. Results Activists indicate various occupations for revindication as subjects with rights. These trajectories are exemplified with the following dimensions: 1) Interpellate full social participation: demanding justice and citizenship; 2) Showing defective bodies: public mobilisations; 3) Occupying institutional space by placing: bodies in the system. Conclusion Dissident occupational practices intervene and transform the limited comprehension about what human vulnerability and fragility is capable of. This situation is mainly appreciated in the Global South.

Resumo Introdução A práxis ocupacional de ativistas com deficiência na América Latina tem apresentado ações de reivindicação de territórios historicamente marginalizados. Objetivo Explorar e descrever as estratégias utilizadas por ativistas chilenos com deficiência. Método Desenho qualitativo por meio de três técnicas de pesquisa: a) 11 entrevistas em profundidade; b) seis sessões de chat em grupo; c) análise de conteúdo de oito redes sociais pertencentes a coletivos de ativistas com deficiência no Chile. Resultados Os ativistas indicam diversas ocupações para reivindicação como sujeitos de direitos. Essas trajetórias são exemplificadas com as seguintes dimensões: 1) Interpelar a participação social plena: reivindicar justiça e cidadania; 2) Mostrar corpos defeituosos: mobilizações públicas; 3) Ocupar o espaço institucional colocando: os corpos no sistema. Conclusão Práticas ocupacionais dissidentes intervêm e transformam a compreensão limitada sobre do que é capaz a vulnerabilidade e fragilidade humana. Esta situação é apreciada principalmente no Sul Global.

Understanding the role and importance of occupational therapy in mental health services in Morocco: Perspectives from mental health professionals.

BACKGROUND: Across the global landscape, mental health care still exhibits challenges because of the lack of human and professional resources to face its consequences. In Morocco, mental health problems affect mainly adolescents and young adults, with a clear impact on functional engagement in their daily lives. Occupational therapy, as a holistic and person-centered practice, may be an ideal mental health strategy to promote health and well-being through occupation, thereby enabling individuals to participate in regular daily activities. OBJECTIVE: To understand, from an intercultural perspective, the point of view of mental health professionals regarding the role and importance of occupation-based practices in Errazi Mental Health Hospital in Salé(Rabat) Morocco. METHOD: A qualitative research design was used for this study. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews with 12 mental health care professionals (non-occupational therapists). These results were used to gain an understanding of their perspectives regarding the main role of human occupation in mental health services in Morocco, and to incorporate an intercultural outlook in terms of occupational therapy. Data analysis was conducted in three phases, by following the grounded theory methodology. RESULTS: Two categories, "dimensions of occupation in Moroccan mental health" and "the interplay between traditional and western perspectives involving mental health" emerged from this research. Both categories included five subcategories. CONCLUSION: This study identifies how occupation-based services in Moroccan mental health care require considering not only the cultural perspective of mental health, and the sociocultural meaning rooted in occupations, but also the relevance of incorporating a community-centered approach. Moreover, it discusses how occupational therapy education in Morocco must incorporate an intercultural perspective of the therapy's theory and practice.

The ATENción Plena en Enfermedad de Alzheimer (ATENEA-Mindfulness in Alzheimer's Disease) Program for Caregivers: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

A person affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) gradually loses the ability to perform activities of daily living and becomes dependent on caregivers, thereby having a negative impact on the caregivers' quality of life. There is evidence that suggests that interventions aimed at caregivers, such as mindfulness, may be effective at reducing this burden and emotional issues, such as depression and anxiety, and improving their quality of life. However, there is a lack of consistency in the findings and conclusions remain tentative. In addition, as neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) of AD are major determinants of the caregiver's burden, these interventions should examine the relationship between these symptoms and caregiver outcomes. Importantly, to improve the design of therapeutic interventions for caregivers and complement the treatment of AD, aspects related to occupational performance and the participation of people with AD and their caregivers should also be considered. Therefore, this study will aim to examine first, the effects of a mindfulness-based program designed for caregivers on NPSs of AD and caregivers' anxiety and depression; second, the effects of this program on patients' functional capacity, cognitive performance, executive functions, and quality of life, and on caregivers' burden, quality of life, occupational balance, executive functions, psychological wellbeing, and self-compassion. We believe that the findings of this study will have significant implications for future healthcare strategies focused on improving the quality of life and wellbeing of caregivers.

El abordaje de terapia ocupacional considerando los activos para la salud en población joven: un análisis de la literatura / A abordagem da terapia ocupacional considerando os ativos para a saúde da população jovem: uma análise da literatura / Occupational therapy considering health assets in young population: a scoping review

Resumen Introducción La salutogénesis es una orientación académica que busca resaltar los factores que promueven activamente la salud y el bienestar de las personas, ofreciendo un mayor control sobre sus vidas y su salud. Dentro de este enfoque destacan los activos para la salud de la población disponibles en la comunidad. Objetivo Revisar la literatura sobre las principales ocupaciones o actividades significativas considerando el planteamiento de los activos para la salud en jóvenes. Método Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct (Elsevier) y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, entre los años 2013-2019. Se utilizaron los descriptores "health assets" AND (Children OR Adolescents) y "Activos para la salud" AND jóvenes. Se escogieron 10 artículos de los 145 cribados. Resultados Los diez artículos fueron seleccionados y analizados. Los activos para la salud más relevantes en los jóvenes son: el autoconocimiento y la autoconfianza. En cuanto a la ocupación, consideran que llevar un estilo de vida saludable, tener una vida con propósito, el ocio y las relaciones sociales son los principales activos para la salud. Por otra parte, se ha identificado un fuerte impacto de la relación con la familia para los activos para la salud. Conclusión En la intervención de terapia ocupacional es fundamental incluir a la población joven con la identificación de los activos para la salud y cómo impactan en la salud y el bienestar. Además, es importante investigar de qué modo los activos para la salud pueden reducir la desigualdad social de la comunidad. Por otra parte, se ha observado que los activos para la salud descritos por los jóvenes pueden presentar influencias por parte de la sociedad que, en vez de aportar salud, pueden ser nocivas para ellos.

Resumo Introdução A salutogênese é uma orientação acadêmica que busca ressaltar os fatores que promovem ativamente a saúde e o bem-estar das pessoas, proporcionando maior controle sobre sua vida e saúde. Nesse enfoque se destacam os ativos para a saúde da população disponíveis na comunidade. Objetivo Apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre as principais ocupações ou atividades significativas considerando a abordagem dos ativos para a saúde em jovens. Método Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct (Elsevier) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, entre os anos de 2013-2019. Foram utilizados os descritores "health assets" AND (Children OR Adolescents) e "Activos para la salud" AND jóvenes. Dez artigos foram escolhidos entre os 145 selecionados. Resultados Dez artigos foram selecionados e analisados. Os ativos de saúde mais relevantes identificados nos jovens foram: autoconhecimento e autoconfiança. Em relação à ocupação, consideram que levar um estilo de vida saudável, ter uma vida com propósito, lazer e relações sociais são os principais ativos de saúde identificados. Por outro lado, identificou-se forte impacto da relação com a família para bens de saúde. Conclusão É fundamental incluir na intervenção da terapia ocupacional com a população jovem a identificação dos ativos de saúde e como eles impactam a saúde e o bem-estar. Além disso, é importante investigar como os ativos de saúde podem reduzir a desigualdade social da comunidade.

Abstract Introduction Salutogenesis is an academic orientation that seeks to highlight the factors that actively promote the health and well-being of people, offering greater control over their lives and health. Within this approach, the assets for the health of the population available in the community stand out. Objective Review the literature on the main occupations or significant activities considering the approach of assets for health in young people. Method A literature review was carried out in the PubMed, Science Direct (Elsevier) and Virtual Health Library databases, between the years 2013-2019. The descriptors "health assets" AND (Children OR Adolescents) and "Activos para la salud" AND jóvenes were applied. Ten articles were chosen from the 145 screened. Results Ten articles were selected and analysed. The most relevant health assets identified in young people are self-knowledge and self-confidence. Regarding occupation, they consider that leading a healthy lifestyle, having a purposeful life, leisure and social relationships are the main identified health assets. On the other hand, a strong impact of the relationship with the family for health assets has been identified. Conclusion It is essential to include in the occupational therapy intervention with the young population the identification of health assets and how they impact health and well-being. In addition, it is important to investigate how health assets can reduce community social inequality.

[Subverting medical vulneration: Dissident bodily itineraries of disability in Chile]. / Subvertir la vulneración médica: itinerarios corporales disidentes de la discapacidad en Chile.

Acknowledging dissident bodies of persons with disabilities is an act of continuous resistance, and as such our objective in this article is to analyze the vulnerability and bodily violation of disability activists in Chile. In order to do so, between September 2018 and February 2019 we conducted 11 in-depth interviews using the technique of bodily itineraries, as well as 6 discussion groups. Through qualitative thematic analysis, several categories emerged: the central category of "Bodily change or difference: experiences of medicalized fragility;" and three subcategories, "Bodily diagnosis: the institutional management of differences;" "Medical treatment: correcting bodily and social abnormality;" and "Rehabilitation: to function once again as a normative body." Activists' itineraries reveal the coaptation and bodily violation that they are subjected to by the biomedical apparatus, where they are systematically denied their human rights; however, despite attempts to discipline and control them, they create subversive strategies to validate their corporealities.

El reconocimiento de los cuerpos disidentes de la discapacidad ofrece una situación de continua resistencia, por lo que nuestro objetivo fue analizar la vulnerabilidad y vulneración corporal de las personas activistas de la discapacidad en Chile. Para eso, entre septiembre de 2017 y febrero de 2018, se realizaron once entrevistas en profundidad utilizando la técnica de los itinerarios corporales y seis conversatorios. A través del análisis temático cualitativo, surgió la categoría central "el cambio o diferencia corporal: experiencias de fragilidad medicalizada", y tres subcategorías: "diagnóstico corporal: la gestión institucional de las diferencias"; "tratamiento médico: corregir la anormalidad corporal y social"; y "rehabilitación: volver a funcionar como un cuerpo normativo". Los itinerarios de las personas activistas develan la coaptación y vulneración corporal a la que son sometidas al ingresar a los dispositivos biomédicos que niegan sistemáticamente sus derechos humanos. Sin embargo, a pesar de intentar disciplinar y controlar sus cuerpos, crean estrategias para subvertir y validar sus subjetividades.

Participación ocupacional de las personas sin hogar: una cuestión de justicia y derechos humanos / Participação ocupacional de pessoas em situação de rua: uma questão de justiça e direitos humanos / Occupational participation of the homeless: a question of justice and human rights

Resumen Introducción Las personas sin hogar además de una falta de vivienda propia, carecen de todo aquello que les supone vivir en un verdadero hogar. Estas personas necesitan buscar cada día donde comer, dormir y, sobre todo, cómo poder sobrevivir, mismo sin los suficientes recursos para moverse por la comunidad para poder vivir con dignidad. Estas carencias se relacionan con procesos de exclusión, injusticias ocupacionales y sociales, vulnerabilidad, entre otros. Objetivos Presenta-se una investigación, cuyo objetivo fue conocer los modos de vida de las personas sin hogar y así poder avanzar en prácticas cuya finalidad sea promover ocupaciones significativas vinculadas a la salud en condiciones de vida en la calle en contextos de injusticia y exclusión social. Método Para comprender cuáles eran las ocupaciones más significativas de las personas sin hogar se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas de carácter cualitativo a diferentes personas que de un modo u otro están vinculadas a esta situación. Las entrevistas analizadas y codificadas. Este proceso fue contrastando entre las investigadoras. Resultados Se ha observado que las personas sin hogar carecen de la mayoría de los derechos que una sociedad debería garantizar. Los resultados obtenidos fueron presentados en cinco apartados: La participación en ocupaciones significativas, las relaciones sociales, los recursos de la comunidad, las expectativas de futuro y el autoconcepto. Conclusión Las personas sin hogar se encuentran en una situación de injusticia social que da lugar a una falta de oportunidades para participar en ocupaciones significativas en la comunidad y promotoras de ciudadanía.

Resumo Introdução Para além da falta de habitação própria, as pessoas em situação de rua carecem daquilo que podemos compreender como 'casa'. Todos os dias estas pessoas procuram um lugar para poder comer, dormir e, acima de tudo, formas para sobreviver, mesmo não possuindo recursos suficientes para se deslocarem na comunidade ou para poderem viver com dignidade. Estas ausências se relacionam aos processos de exclusão, injustiças ocupacionais e sociais, vulnerabilidades, entre outros. Objetivos Apresenta-se uma pesquisa que teve como principal objetivo conhecer histórias e modos de vida de pessoas em situação de rua e, assim, poder avançar com práticas que tenham como finalidade promover ocupações significativas relacionadas à saúde em vivências de situações de rua, em contextos de injustiça e exclusão social. Método Para compreender quais eram as ocupações mais significativas das pessoas em situação de rua foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas de caráter qualitativo com diferentes pessoas que de alguma forma estão vinculadas a esta situação. As entrevistas foram analisadas e decodificadas. Este processo foi verificado duplamente pelas pesquisadoras. Resultados Observou-se que as pessoas em situação de rua necessitam da maioria dos direitos que uma sociedade deveria garantir-lhes. Os resultados obtidos foram apresentados em cinco seções: participação em ocupações significativas, relações sociais, recursos comunitários, expectativas futuras e percepção pessoal de si mesmo. Conclusão As pessoas em situação de rua se encontram em processos de injustiça social que resulta na falta de oportunidades para participar de ocupações coletivas significativas na comunidade e promotoras de cidadania.

Abstract Introduction Homeless people, in addition to a lack of their own home, lack everything that means living in a real home. These people need to find every day where to eat, sleep, and, above all, how to survive. They do not have enough resources to move around the community to live with dignity. These deficiencies are related to processes of exclusion, occupational and social injustices, vulnerability, among others. Objectives It is presented an investigation, the objective of which was to know the plural ways of life of homeless people and thus be able to advance in practices whose purpose is to promote significant health-related occupations in living conditions on the street in contexts of injustice and social exclusion. Method To understand which were the most significant occupations of homeless people, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with different people who in one way or another are linked to this situation. The interviews were analyzed and coded. This process was contrasted between the researchers. Results It has been observed that homeless people lack most of the rights that society should guarantee. The results obtained were presented in five sections: participation in meaningful occupations, social relationships, community resources, future expectations, and personal perception of oneself. Conclusion Homeless people find themselves in a situation of social injustice that results in a lack of opportunities to participate in meaningful occupations in the community and promoting citizenship.

Subvertir la vulneración médica: itinerarios corporales disidentes de la discapacidad en Chile / Subverting medical vulneration: Dissident bodily itineraries of disability in Chile

RESUMEN El reconocimiento de los cuerpos disidentes de la discapacidad ofrece una situación de continua resistencia, por lo que nuestro objetivo fue analizar la vulnerabilidad y vulneración corporal de las personas activistas de la discapacidad en Chile. Para eso, entre septiembre de 2017 y febrero de 2018, se realizaron once entrevistas en profundidad utilizando la técnica de los itinerarios corporales y seis conversatorios. A través del análisis temático cualitativo, surgió la categoría central "el cambio o diferencia corporal: experien- cias de fragilidad medicalizada", y tres subcategorías: "diagnóstico corporal: la gestión institucional de las diferencias"; "tratamiento médico: corregir la anormalidad corporal y social"; y "rehabilitación: volver a funcionar como un cuerpo normativo". Los itinerarios de las personas activistas develan la coaptación y vulneración corporal a la que son some- tidas al ingresar a los dispositivos biomédicos que niegan sistemáticamente sus derechos humanos. Sin embargo, a pesar de intentar disciplinar y controlar sus cuerpos, crean estra- tegias para subvertir y validar sus subjetividades.

ABSTRACT Acknowledging dissident bodies of persons with disabilities is an act of continuous resistance, and as such our objective in this article is to analyze the vulnerability and bodily violation of disability activists in Chile. In order to do so, between September 2018 and February 2019 we conducted 11 in-depth interviews using the technique of bodily itineraries, as well as 6 discussion groups. Through qualitative thematic analysis, several categories emerged: the central category of "Bodily change or difference: experiences of medicalized fragility;" and three subcategories, "Bodily diagnosis: the institutional management of differences;" "Medical treatment: correcting bodily and social abnormality;" and "Rehabilitation: to function once again as a normative body." Activists' itineraries reveal the coaptation and bodily violation that they are subjected to by the biomedical apparatus, where they are systematically denied their human rights; however, despite attempts to discipline and control them, they create subversive strategies to validate their corporealities.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Reliability of the Spanish Satisfaction with Daily Occupations-Occupational Balance (SDO-OB): An Evaluation Tool for People with Mental Disorders.

Occupation can be defined as all activities that occupy a person's time. The Satisfaction with Daily Occupations and Occupational Balance instrument evaluates the perceived satisfaction with performance and the balance in time dedicated to different occupations. The main aim was to translate the original instrument to Spanish and examine and establish the psychometric properties. This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted in two stages: translation and cultural adaptation (forward translation, expert panel, back-translation, second expert panel and pre-testing and cognitive interviewing) and collecting data to evaluate psychometric properties (homogeneity, construct validity, known-groups validity, and floor/ceiling effects). One hundred participants took part in the study, adults with a diagnosis of a mental health disorder and adults without any known health problems. The Spanish version showed known-groups validity, acceptable internal consistency, and construct validity, although the relationships with some of the indicators of discriminant validity were somewhat higher than expected. The instrument shows promise as a useful screening tool for assessing activity level and satisfaction with daily occupations among a Spanish speaking population.

Lactancia materna exclusiva y participación en la vida diaria: una perspectiva ocupacional de la maternidad / Amamentação exclusiva e participação na vida cotidiana: uma perspectiva ocupacional da maternidade / Exclusive breastfeeding and participation in daily life: an occupational perspective of motherhood

Resumen Introducción La lactancia materna exclusiva está inmersa en un intenso debate. Por un lado, se considera que este fenómeno gira en torno a discursos vinculados a modelos biomédicos, sociales y patriarcales impactando en el rol de la mujer y, por otro lado, existe un movimiento social que aboga por este mandado de la maternidad. Si bien la literatura indica que el hecho de amamantar influye en la participación ocupacional- tanto en la diversidad como en la significación de las actividades cotidianas- no existe suficiente evidencia al respecto. Objetivo Comprender el impacto de la lactancia materna exclusiva en la participación ocupacional de un grupo de mujeres chilenas. Método Estudio exploratorio de carácter cualitativo realizado mediante un muestreo intencional con diez mujeres madres chilenas. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada para la recogida de información. Los datos fueron analizados a través del proceso de codificación del contenido. Resultados Las narrativas de las mujeres madres en torno al impacto de la lactancia materna exclusiva en la implicación ocupacional, aluden al amamantamiento como: ocupación significativa y/o impositiva generando alteraciones en la transición ocupacional de la maternidad y la elección de nuevas ocupaciones. La influencia del contexto sociosanitario que explica y consolida este fenómeno. Finalmente, los roles de mujer madre o madre mujer que invitan a re-construir y re-pensar las nuevas identidades ocupacionales y roles de género asociados al amamantamiento. Conclusión Se puede establecer una relación directa entre la lactancia materna exclusiva y la participación ocupacional de las mujeres, por ello es fundamental comprender la construcción cultural de este fenómeno y sus implicaciones personales, ocupacionales y contextuales.

Resumo Introdução O aleitamento materno exclusivo está imerso em um amplo debate. Por um lado, este fenômeno é considerado a partir de discursos relacionados aos modelos biomédicos, sociais e patriarcais impactando os papéis ocupacionais das mulheres; por outro lado, existe um movimento social que o defende como um mandato de gênero da maternidade. Já a literatura indica que a amamentação de fato influencia a participação ocupacional - tanto na diversidade quanto na importância das atividades cotidianas, demonstrando provas suficientes a este respeito. Objetivo Compreender o impacto do aleitamento materno exclusivo na participação ocupacional de um grupo de mulheres chilenas. Método Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de natureza qualitativa, com amostragem intencional de dez mães chilenas. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada para a coleta de informações. Os dados foram analisados através do processo de codificação. Resultados As narrativas das mulheres mães, em torno do impacto do aleitamento materno exclusivo na implicação ocupacional referem à amamentação como: ocupação significativa e/ou impositiva, gerando alterações na transição ocupacional da maternidade e da escolha de novas ocupações. A influência do contexto sócio sanitário que explica e estabelece esse fenômeno. Finalmente, os papéis como mulher mãe ou mãe mulher nos convidam a reconstruir e repensar novas identidades ocupacionais e os papéis de gênero associados com a amamentação. Conclusão Foi possível estabelecer uma relação direta entre o aleitamento materno exclusivo e a participação ocupacional das mulheres, por isso é fundamental compreender a construção cultural deste fenômeno e suas implicações pessoais, ocupacionais e contextuais.

Abstract Introduction Exclusive breastfeeding is immersed in a debate. On the one hand, is considered that this phenomenon revolves around speeches related to models biomedical, social and patriarchal impacting on the role of women and on the other hand, there is a social movement which advocates this errand of motherhood. While the literature indicates that the fact breastfeeding influences the occupational participation-both in the diversity and in the significance of daily activities- there is enough evidence in this respect. Objective To understand the impact of exclusive breastfeeding in a group of Chilean women occupational participation. Method exploratory study of qualitative nature carried out by intentional sampling with ten Chilean mothers. The semi-structured information collection interview was used. Data were analysed through the encoding process. Results The narratives of the mothers around the impact of exclusive breastfeeding in occupational engagement, refer to as breastfeeding: occupation imposition or significant generating changes in the occupational transition of the maternity and the choice of new occupations. The influence of the context public health that explains and consolidates this phenomenon. Finally, roles as mother women or women mother inviting you to rebuild and re - think new occupational identities and gender roles associated with breastfeeding. Conclusion To establish a direct relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the occupational participation of women, therefore it is essential to understand the cultural construction of this phenomenon and its implications, occupational, personal and contextual.

Occupational therapy culture seen through the multifocal lens of fieldwork in diverse rural areas.

BACKGROUND: Existing occupational therapy culture has not yet fully articulated diverse worldviews on occupation, health, and well-being and the link between them. Taking into consideration the diversity of the global world, incorporating different worldviews would be a valuable contribution to expanding the relevance of occupational therapy. AIM: The aim of this research was to analyse worldviews regarding human occupation and the link between occupation, health, and well-being among people from rural Honduras, Morocco, Burkina Faso, Tanzania, and Ecuador. METHODS: This ethnographic research used three methods, i.e. semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and in-depth interviews, to collect data from 27 participants in five countries. The material was analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. RESULTS: One core category, "Occupations are social practices", was identified and it included three subcategories: "Occupation, health and well-being as a personal and community experience"; "Co-occupations, collective occupations and collaborative occupations are the most important occupations"; and "Occupation, health and well-being mutually influence each other". Conclusion and significance. The overall findings showed that taking different worldviews into account is needed for developing an occupational therapy culture that is useful globally and hosts diverse meanings and occupation-focused practices.